Dhirubhai Ambani
Dhirajlal Hiralal Ambani (December 24, 1933 - July 7, 2002) also known as Dhirubhai) is a story of a ragish Indian business tycoon who founded Reliance Industries with his cousin in Mumbai.
Many consider intra-capitalism and his access to ruling politicians to the unprecedented / remarkable growth of Ambani as this achievement was achieved by the preferred behavior in a highly oppressive business environment.
License Raj suppressed Indians. By 190, the Indian business was strangled and he was given a license by politicians who favored him, leaving no chance of competition.
Ambani incorporated his company Reliance into the public sector in 1979 and by 2007 the combined amount of the family (sons Mukesh Ambani and Anil Ambani) was $ 100 billion, making the Ambanis one of the world's richest families.
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Early life -
Dhirubhai Ambani was born on December 24, 1933, in Chorwad, Junagadh (now in the state of Gujarat in India) to a very common Modh family of Hirachand Gordhanbhai Ambani and Jamnaben
Although he was born in Gujarat, a socio-religious group that belongs to and was formerly a province of northwestern India and after partition is now the property of Hindustan / is under the authority of Hindustan. He is a teacher of another Were sons. Dhirubhai Ambani is said to have done his business in the weekend by selling pakoras to pilgrims on the hills of Girnar.
The family was going through financial crisis, so Dhirubhai Ambani was able to complete only high school and after that he started doing odd jobs.When he was sixteen he moved to Aden, Yemen.
He worked with A Bessie and Co. (A. Besse & Co.) with a salary of Rs. 300. Two years later, A. Bassi and Co. Shell became a distributor of production and Dhirubhai was promoted to manage a filming station of the company at the port of Aden. He was married to Kokilaben and had two sons, Mukesh Ambani and Anil Ambani and two daughters Nina Kothari and Deepti Salgaocar.
Reliance Commercial Corporation -
In 1958, Dhirubhai returned to India and started Relianc Commercial Corporation with a capital of 15000.00. The primary business of Reliance Commercial Corporation was to import polyester yarn and export spices. He started the business in partnership with his second cousin Champaklal Damani, who lived with him in Aden, Yemen.
The first office of Reliance Commercial Corporation was established on Narsinath road of Masjid Bunder.
It was a 350-square-foot room with a telephone, a table and three chairs. Initially, he had two assistants to help in his business. In 1965, the partnership between Champaklal Dimani and Dhirubhai Ambani came to an end and Dhirubhai started on his own.
It is believed that the two temperaments were different and had different opinions on how to do business. While Mr. Damani was a cautious businessman and did not believe in the construction of yarn factories / stores, Dhirubhai knew him as a risk taker and believed that the construction of the stores with the hope of increasing the value of Bhuleshwar, Mumbai . should be done in the estate, so that profit is made / profit is made. In 1968, he moved / moved to Altmount Road in South Mumbai. By 1960, Ambani's total amount was estimated at Rs 10 lakh.
Reliance Textiles -
Realizing good opportunities in the textile business, Dhirubhai started a textile mill in 1966 in Ahmedabad, Nairoda.
The fabric was made using polyester fibers / threads. Dhirubhai introduced the Vimal brand which was named after his elder brother Ramniklal Ambani's son, Vimal Ambani.
The extensive marketing of "Vimal" made it a household name in the interiors of India. Franchise retailer centers started and they started selling "Only Vimal" imprint clothes. In 1975 a Technical Group of the World Bank visited the 'Reliance Textiles' manufacturing unit.
The rare feature of the unit was that it was considered "excellent even by the standards of developed countries" at that time.
Initial public offering -
Dhirubhai Ambani is also credited with introducing equity cult / equit cult in India. In 1977, more than 58,000 investors from various parts of India subscribed to Reliance's IPO. Dhirubhai could assure the villagers of Gujarat that they would get only profit on their investment by being shareholders of their company.
Reliance Industries is characterized by the fact that this is the only private sector company that has held several annual general meetings in stadiums / stadiums. In 1986, the annual general meeting of
Reliance Industries was held at Cross Maidan Mumbai in which 35,000 shareholders and family of Reliance participated. Dhirubhai was able to satisfy a large number of first retail investors to participate to reveal / establish the story of Reliance and to invest hard-earned money in a Reliance Textile IPO, promising that in return for their trust on their investment They will get strong profits. By 1980, the total amount of Ambani was valued at 1 billion rupees.
Dhirubhai controls share exchange -
In 1982, Reliance Industries / Reliance Industries stood up against the rights issue of partially convertible debentures , Rumor has been raised that the company is doing its best to not even count its stock prices by an inch. Considering the opportunity, a bare cartel which was a group of stock brokers from Calcutta started retailing the shares of Reliance. To prevent this, a group of stock brokers, until recently referred to as "friends of Reliance", started buying short-selling shares of Reliance Industries from the Bombay Stock Exchange.
The beer cartels were acting on the belief that the Bulls would be short of cash to complete the transaction. And will be ready for the agreement under the "Badla" trading system which was in force at the Bombay Stock Exchange at that time.
The Bulls retained the purchase of Rs. 152 for the day until the agreement was reached. On the day of the agreement, the beer cartel was retaken / withdrawn, when the Bulls demanded physical delivery of the shares. To complete the transaction, the much-needed cash was given to stock brokers who bought shares of Dhirubhai Ambani Reliance, not from anyone else. In case of non-settlement, the Bulls demanded an "unbadley" (penalty amount) of Rs 35 (Rs.) Per share. With this, the demand for Reliance stock increased and reached Rs 180 in minutes.
The agreement created a stir in the market and Dhirubhai Ambani became the undisputed emperor of the stock market. He proved to his critics how dangerous it was to play with Reliance.
The situation was spiraling out of control. To find a solution to this situation, the Bombay Stock Exchange was closed for three business days.
The officials of the Bombay Stock Exchange intervened in this matter and brought 'Ambdala' down to Rs 2, deciding that the beer cartel would have to provide shares in the coming days. Beer Cartel buys Reliance shares at high prices from market
Criticism -
Despite his magic touch, Ambani was known for his flexible values and immoral instincts that ran in him. His biographer himself admits that unethical behavior and illegal acts are some of the incidents he himself experienced, such as democratizing public currency while he was a minor employee at a petrol pump in Dubai. He was alleged to have cleverly changed government policies to suit his needs and was considered the kingmaker in government elections. However, most media sources had a tendency to speak of trade-politics nexus.
The Ambani camp always enjoyed / enjoyed greater security and refuge from the media which had swept the entire country like a storm.
Clash with Nasli Wadia -
Nusli Wadia of Bombay Dyeing was at one time Dhirubhai and Reliance was the industry's biggest competitor. Both Nasli Wadia and Dhirubhai were known for their outreach in their political circles / circles and had the ability to get even the toughest licenses approved in the pre-liberalization economy.
In 1977–1979, during the Janata Party rule, Nasli Wadia obtained permission to plant 60,000 tonnes per annum of di-methyl terephthalate (DMT) plant. By the time the letter of intent was converted into a license, many hurdles came in the way. Finally, in 1981, Nasli Wadia was granted a license to plant. The incident acted as a catalyst between the two parties and the competition took an ugly turn.
Articles by Indian Express -
At one time Ramnath Goenka was a friend of Dhirubhai Ambani. Ramnath Goenka is believed to be close to Nasli Wadia. On many occasions, Ramnath Goenka tried to intervene between the two fighting factions so that hostility would be brought to an end. Goenka and Ambani became rivals with Ambani's corrupt business habits and Goenka was unable to get his fair share due to his illegal / illegal actions. Later, Ramnath Goenka chose Nasli Wadia for support. At one time, Ramnath Goenka is believed to have said 'Nasli is an English man. He could not handle Ambani. I am a tradesman, I go how to finish "..
Head of Indian Express Group -
As the days passed, the Indian Express, a broadsheet published daily by him, contained a series of articles against Reliance Industries and Dhirubhai claiming that Dhirubhai was immoral. Business methods are being used to increase maximum profits. Ramanath Goenka did not use his staff in the Indian Express to investigate the matter, but his close trusted advisor and authorized accountant S.K. Used to hand it less to Gurumurthy. Gurumurthy (S. Gurumurthy) for this work.
In addition to s. Gurumurthy and another journalist Maneck Davar, who was not on the roll of the Indian Express, started contributing stories. Jamnadas Murjani, a businessman who was against the Ambanis, was also a part of this mission.
Both Ambani and Goenka were equally criticized and appreciated by sections of society. People criticized Goenka for using a national newspaper because of his personal animosity. Critics believed that there are many other businessmen in this country who are using more of the immoral and illegal methods, but Goenka chose Ambani as his target and not others. Critic Goenka also appreciated the ability to run these articles without the help of his regular staff. Dhirubhai Ambani was also getting much recognition and appreciation in the meantime. A class of people started praising Dhirubhai's business sense and ability to control the system according to his wish.
This struggle came to an end only when Dhirubhai Ambani was shocked. While Dhirubhai Ambani was getting good in San Diego, his sons Mukesh Ambani and Mukesh Ambani were overseeing / managing the work.
The Indian Express turned guns on Reliance and directly accused the government that it was not doing much to punish the Reliance industry.
The fight between Wadia-Goenka and the Ambanis had now taken a new direction and became a national crisis. Gurumurthy and another journalist Mulgaokar stayed with President Gyani Zail Singh and wrote an adverse fake letter to the Prime Minister on his behalf.
The Indian Express printed a draft of the President's letter, without realizing / that Jail Singh had already made changes to the letter before sending the letter to Rajiv Gandhi. Ambani had won the fight at this point. Now that the conflict was directly between Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and Ramnath Goenka, Ambani kept on going out quietly.
The government then raided the express guest house at Sundar Nagar in Delhi and found that the original draft was in writing with Mulgaokar with the correction. By 1988–89, Rajiv's government imposed a series of indictments against the Indian Express. Nevertheless, Goenka remained his glory, for many people he maintained his brave image during the Emergency.
Dhirubhai and BP Singh -
It was widely believed that Dhirubhai did not have a cordial relationship with Vishwanath Pratap Singh, who succeeded Rajiv Gandhi as the Prime Minister of India. In May 1975, V.P. Singh abruptly stopped importation of purified Terephthalic Acid from the category of Open General License.
This item was important as a raw material for the manufacture of polyester threads. This made Reliance's operations very difficult to operate. From a number of financial institutions, Reliance managed to get a letter of trust / loan which would allow it to import the entire year requirement of the PTA which changed the notification of the government under which the PTA could be imported. is. In 1990, government-authorized financial institutions such as Life Insurance Corporation of India and General Insurance Corporation blocked / failed Reliance Group's attempt to gain management control of Larsen & Toubro. Gave / Dashed. After the defeat, Ambani resigned from the company's board. In April 1989, Dhirubhai, who was the chairman of L&T, had to leave the post to make way for D.K. An Former Chairman of State Bank of India
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The death -
After a major shock, Dhirubhai Ambani was admitted to Breach Candy Hospital in Mumbai on 24 June 2002. This was the second shock, the first one being in February 1986 Nayub he was in coma for a week. A group of doctors failed to save his life. He breathed his last on July 6, 2002, around 11:50 of the night. (Indian Standard Time)
His last rites were attended not only by businessmen, politicians and celebrities but also by thousands of common people. His elder son Mukesh Ambani performed the last rites according to the Hindu tradition. His last rites were performed on 7 July (July 7), 2002. at 4:30 pm (Indian Standard Time) at the Chandanwadi crematorium in Mumbai.
He is survived by his wife Kokilaben and two sons Mukesh Ambani and Anil Ambani, and two daughters Nina Kothari and Deepti Salgaonkar as Devepti Salgaonkar.
Dhirubhai Ambani started his long journey as a small businessman from the Moolji-Jetha cloth market in Bombay. As a sign of respect to this great businessman, Mumbai Textile Merchants' decided / decided to close the market on 8 July (July 8) 2002. At the time of Dhirubhai's death, the annual amount of the Reliance Group (Rs.) 75,000 crores or USD $ 15 billion. 1976–77, the Reliance Group had an annual amount of Rs 70 crore and it should be remembered that Dhirubhai started this business with only Rs.15,000 (US $ 350) (Rs.).
Reliance after Dhirubhai Ambani -
In November 2004, Mukesh Ambani admitted differences with his brother over 'dominance issues' in an interview. He also said that differences "fall within the private domain". He was of the opinion that this would not affect the functioning of the company, stating that Reliance was one of the strongest companies managed by professionals. Recognizing the importance of the Reliance industry in the Indian economy, the issue received wide advertising in the media. Kundapur Vaman Kamath, managing director of ICICI Bank . a close friend of the Ambani family, was seen in the media tackling the issue. The brothers assigned their mother Kokilaben Ambani to work out a solution to the issue. On 18 June 2005, Kokilaben Ambani stated that the matter would be settled by a release.
The Reliance empire split into the Ambani brothers, Mukesh Ambani (Mukesh Ambani) got RIL and IPCL and younger sibling Anil Ambani got the letter of Reliance Capital, Reliance Energy and Reliance Infocomm. The entity run by Mukesh Ambani was renamed as Riyon Udyog Limited while the Anil Group was renamed to Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group (ADAG).
The film -
A film which was alleged to be based on the life of Dhirubhai Ambani was released on 12 January 2007. The Hindi film Guru, directed by Mani Ratnam and cinematographed by Rajiv Menon and composed by AR Rahman, depicts a man's struggle to make a mark in the Indian business world by a fictional power group of industries.
The film stars Abhishek Bachchan, Mithun Chakraborty, Aishwarya Rai, Madhavan and Vidya Balan in the film, Abhishek Bachchan plays the character of Guru Kant Desi, which matches the character of Dhirubhai Ambani acting as Mithun Chakraborty Manik Da. Is a real-life meeting of Ramanath Goenka and Madhavan S's character Gurumurthy (S. Gurumurthy), whom India's most terrible material Hico is known to Sranjam the virulent attacks against the Reliance group in the war, they were twenty years ago famous. The film also shows Dhirubhai Ambani's self-confidence with the help of Guru Kant Desai's character. The name Gurubhai has given to Abhishek also matches the real name of "Dhirubhai".
== Awards & Recognition ==
In November 2000- He was awarded the 'Human of the Century' award by the Chemtech Institute and World Chemical Engineering to recognize his significant contribution to the development of his chemical industry in India.
In 2002,1998 and 1996 he was presented by Asiaweek magazine as Asia's 50 Most Powerful People.
June 1998 - The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania awarded the Dean Medal as an example of remarkable leadership ability. Dhirubhai Ambani's distinguishing feature / achievement was that he became the first Indian to receive the Dean's Medal from the Wharton School. [14]
August 2001 - Awarded the Lifetime Achievement for Collective Excellence by The Economic Times.
Dhirubhai Ambani was awarded the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) in the name of a twentieth century human being.
In a poll conducted by the Times of India in 2000, he was voted in favor of the great creator of wealth in centuries. He is the true son of India.
Famous statement -
Right from the beginning, Dhirubhai was viewed with high respect / with respect. His success in the petro-chemical business and the rags-to-riches story had made him a cult / ideal in the minds of the Indian people. Apart from being a virtuous business leader, he was also a motivator. He gave very few public speeches, but what he said is still remembered for his values. With 30 million investors, RIL will get the title of "World's Largest Company"
I do not listen, etc. "/ I am deaf to the word.
"There is no limit to the development of Reliance.
I keep changing my perspective. You can do this only when you dream.
"Think big, think fast, think ahead. Idea is nobody's legacy. / Nobody's monopoly on thought"
'Our dreams should always be huge. Our desires are always high / Our aspirations are always high, our commitment is always deep.
And our efforts should be great.
This is my dream for Reliance and India. '
"You don't need an invitation to make a profit / profit."
'If you work with perseverance and perfection, success will kiss your footsteps / success will follow you. '
'Find your goals even in difficulties and convert / convert disasters into opportunities / opportunities.
'Give the youth a proper atmosphere. Inspire them. Help them with what they need. Each has a source of infinite energy. They will give fruit.
"My past, present and future have a similar aspect: relationship and faith." This is the foundation of our development.
'We bet on people'
"It's not good to touch the deadline, it's my hope / wish to beat the deadline."
'Lose no, courage is my belief.
'We cannot change our rules, but we can change the rules of their rule.
'Dhirubhai will leave one day. But the employees and shareholders of Reliance will keep it running. Reliance is now a concept where Ambani has become irrelevant.
Unauthorized Biography-
Hamish Macdonald, who was the head of the Delhi Bureau of the Far Eastern Economic Review for many years, published an unauthorized biography in 1998 that reported both his achievements and flaws, but the book was published in India by legalists by the Ambani threatened.
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